# Treatment of primary epididymal adenocarcinoma: a case report and review of the literature

## TL;DR

A rare case of primary epididymal adenocarcinoma is reported and discussed, highlighting the challenges in diagnosis and treatment of such uncommon tumors.

## Contribution

This paper presents a detailed case report and literature review on primary epididymal adenocarcinoma, emphasizing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

## Key findings

- A 63-year-old male was diagnosed with primary epididymal adenocarcinoma after surgical resection and pathological confirmation.
- Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection revealed 1/11 lymph node metastasis.
- There is currently no standardized treatment protocol for primary epididymal malignant tumors.

## Abstract

Epididymal tumors, especially malignant tumors, have low incidence and are rare in our clinical work. However, they may progress quickly and have poor prognosis. For such rare clinical cases with extremely low incidence rates, and as they are prone to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis and have a very poor prognosis, clinical workers need to pay special attention and consider the possibility of primary epididymal malignant tumors.

A 63-year-old Chinese male patient from Asia was admitted due to scrotal pain. Upon examination, an abnormal lesion was found in the right epididymal region. After thorough evaluation, surgical resection was performed, and the postoperative pathological result confirmed the presence of epididymal adenocarcinoma. After further ruling out secondary lesions, primary epididymal adenocarcinoma was considered. Right retroperitoneal lymph node dissection was performed under laparoscopic for treatment, and 1/11 lymph node metastasis was detected after surgery. The patient is currently under close follow-up.

The number of clinical cases of primary epididymal malignant tumors is very limited, there is currently no standardized diagnosis and treatment process, and there is a lack of systematic evaluation methods regarding the effectiveness of different treatment options such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. In addition, the outcome is difficult to predict. In this article, we reviewed relevant literature and systematically elaborated on the diagnosis and treatment of epididymal malignant tumors, hoping to provide useful information for relevant experts.