# Topographical and histological analysis of keratinized mucosal grafts removal techniques an ex-vivo study in porcine mandibles

## TL;DR

This study compares two techniques for removing keratinized mucosa grafts in pig jaws to determine which method produces better tissue quality for dental surgeries.

## Contribution

The study introduces a comparative analysis of mucotome and scalpel techniques for harvesting keratinized mucosa grafts using ex-vivo porcine mandibles.

## Key findings

- Mucotome-harvested grafts showed uniform thickness and preserved submucosa and fibrous connective tissue.
- Mucotome grafts had fewer undesirable cells and better surface characteristics compared to scalpel-harvested grafts.
- The findings suggest the mucotome technique may improve surgical outcomes and patient experience in soft tissue graft procedures.

## Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the surface and tissue quality of keratinized mucosa grafts (KMG) obtained using the conventional scalpel and mucotome techniques. This was an experimental in vitro/ex vivo study involving six porcine hemi-mandibles. Specimens were harvested using both the mucotome and conventional scalpel techniques, with randomization determining the choice of technique for tissue removal. The specimens were prepared following predefined laboratory protocols and subsequently subjected to optical microscopy for evaluating epithelial and connective tissue and scanning electron microscopy for topographical and 3D profilometry analysis. Tissues harvested using the mucotome exhibited a linear base and uniform thickness, along with the presence of submucosa and fibrous connective tissue, all of which are ideal for graft success. Differences in the surface characteristics of specimens obtained through the two techniques were observed during a comparative analysis of images obtained through both microscopy types. KMG obtained using the mucotome technique displayed greater uniformity and reduced undesirable cell presence compared to the scalpel technique, thereby enhancing the likelihood of success in soft tissue graft surgical procedures. This study provides valuable insights to oral healthcare professionals and may contribute to future research aimed at achieving more successful surgeries, shorter postoperative recovery times, reduced discomfort, and an overall more positive patient experience.