Alkaline Water Mitigates Bone Loss in Streptozotocin-Induced Type II Diabetic Rats

TL;DR

This study shows that drinking alkaline Zamzam water helps reduce bone loss in diabetic rats by improving bone formation and reducing bone breakdown.

Contribution

The study demonstrates the novel protective effect of Zamzam water on diabetes-induced osteoporosis in rats.

Findings

ZW increased bone formation markers like osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase in diabetic rats.

ZW decreased bone resorption markers such as NTX-1, DPD, and TRAP-5b in diabetic rats.

X-rays showed improved vertebral bone structure in diabetic rats consuming ZW.

Abstract

Background

A decline in bone mineral density is a defining feature of osteoporosis, which is a prevalent bone complication associated with diabetes. This study aims to shed light on the protective effect of Zamzam water (ZW), a famous alkaline water, on diabetes-induced osteoporosis.

Methodology

Of a total of 40 male rats, 10 male rats each were divided into the following four groups: group I (normal control rats), group II (ZW group), group III (diabetic rats), and group IV (DM + ZW). Anteroposterior and lateral X-rays were taken of the rats in each group before the end of the experiment. The study assessed serum levels of inflammatory markers including interleukin 6, interleukin-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha; bone formation markers including osteocalcin (OC); alkaline phosphatase (ALP); and bone resorption markers including the N-terminal telopeptide of collagen type I (NTX-1), bone deoxypyridinoline (DPD), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP-5b).

Results

Rats with diabetes who consumed ZW exhibited a significant (p < 0.001) increase in OC and ALP bone formation markers and a decrease in NTX-1, DPD, and TRAP-5b bone resorption markers, with improvements in the X-ray image of the vertebral column at the L6 vertebra level.

Conclusions

ZW improved diabetes-induced osteoporosis in rats by enhancing osteoblastic activity and downregulating osteoclastic activity.

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