# Lessons from the deployment and management of public handwashing stations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya: A cross-sectional, observational study

## TL;DR

This study examines the effectiveness of public handwashing stations in Kenya during the pandemic, finding that most were functional initially but declined over time.

## Contribution

The study provides insights into the long-term sustainability of public health interventions like handwashing stations.

## Key findings

- 83.9% of handwashing stations were functional initially, with paid caretakers linked to higher functionality.
- Only 61% of stations remained functional 6–8 months later, often due to relocation by caretakers.
- Challenges included inadequate signage and limited soap and water, especially for people with disabilities.

## Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya, 5,311 handwashing stations were distributed by the National Business Compact Coalition (NBCC) to help combat the virus. This study evaluated 316 of these stations across five counties, assessing functionality, usability, and accessibility. Quantitative data, including spot checks and surveys, revealed that 83.9% of the evaluated stations were functional, with paid caretakers, which is associated with higher functionality rates. Qualitative insights underscored challenges such as inadequate signage and limited soap and water availability, particularly affecting individuals with disabilities. Despite initial success, only 61% of stations remained functional 6–8 months post-distribution, often due to relocation by caretakers. Future distributions should prioritize long-term support for caretakers to sustain station functionality. This study highlights the importance of ongoing monitoring and support for public handwashing facilities in pandemic response efforts.