# The role of bromeliad structural complexity on the presence, spatial distribution and predator avoidance in Tityus neglectus (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

## TL;DR

This study explores how the structure of bromeliads influences the presence and predator avoidance behavior of Tityus neglectus scorpions.

## Contribution

The study identifies specific bromeliad structural traits that influence scorpion occurrence and anti-predatory behavior.

## Key findings

- Scorpion presence is positively influenced by leaf length and coefficient of variation in leaf width.
- Scorpions demonstrated anti-predatory behavior by submerging in bromeliad water for nearly 8 minutes.
- The number of leaves in bromeliads negatively correlates with scorpion occurrence.

## Abstract

The spatial arrangement of organisms is significantly influenced by the structure of vegetation. Bromeliads, characterized by a remarkable architectural design featuring rosette‐like leaf arrangements for rainwater storage, act as habitats for various organisms. These organisms use bromeliads for shelter, foraging, reproduction and the supply of nutrients and moisture. This study investigated how specific aspects of bromeliad structure, such as the number, width and length of leaves, impact the behaviour and distribution patterns of the bromelicolous scorpion Tityus neglectus. In the examination of 110 sampled bromeliads, 33 scorpions were recorded, resulting in an occupancy rate of 30%. The likelihood of scorpion occurrence was associated with the plant's structure. The length and coefficient of variation in the width of leaves appeared as the main predictors, positively influencing scorpion presence while the number of leaves exhibited a negative relation with scorpion occurrence. The distribution of scorpions was uniform across the spatial design of bromeliads. Furthermore, T. neglectus demonstrated the ability to utilize water accumulated in the bromeliad to evade potential predators, submerging itself for, on mean, almost 8 min. We concluded that bromeliad structure is essential in shaping the distribution patterns and anti‐predatory behaviour of T. neglectus.

Due to remarkable architectural design featuring rosette‐like leaf arrangements, bromeliads serve as habitats for various species. Bromeliad architecture is a key factor in the spatial distribution and occurrence of the Tityus neglectus scorpion. Furthermore, T. neglectus is able to use the water accumulated in the phytotelm to escape potential predators.