# Diversity of uropathogens and their antibiotic resistance among diabetic patients presented to MTI-Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar

## TL;DR

This study found that Escherichia coli is the most common cause of urinary tract infections in diabetic patients, with high resistance to some antibiotics.

## Contribution

The study provides current data on uropathogen diversity and antibiotic resistance in diabetic patients in Peshawar.

## Key findings

- Escherichia coli was the most prevalent uropathogen, found in 38.8% of patients.
- Meropenem showed the highest sensitivity (89.6%) among tested antibiotics.
- Female diabetic patients had a higher infection rate compared to males.

## Abstract

Our objective was to quantify the number of various bacteria that frequently cause UTI in diabetes patients as well as to gauge their susceptibility and resistance to antibiotics.

A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Internal Medicine Ward of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan from June 2021 to December 2021, Patients with confirmed diabetes were included in the study; however, participants receiving antimicrobial medications for a maximum of 14 days were excluded from the study. Resistance of Escherichia coli, Candida, Pseudomonas, E. faecalis, Klebsiella, P. mirabilis and Staphylococcus was asssessed using ciprofloxac, ceftazidime and meropenem.

The findings highlighted the the prevalence of Escherichia coli in 38.8% of patients, Candida in 19% of patients, Enterococcus faecalis in 11.8% of patients, Pseudomonas in 10%, Klebsiella in 9.5% patients, Proteus mirabilis 6.2% patients and Staphylococcus was found in 5.2% patients. According to the overall sensitivity and resistance of antibiotics in microorganisms, Meropenem showed 89.6% sensitivity and 10.4% resistance. Ciprofloxacin showed 38.9% sensitivity and 61.1% resistance and ceftazidime showed 22.7 sensitivity and 77.3% resistance.

UTIs were very common in diabetes patients, and Escherichia coli was the most common uropathogen found. Compared to male patients, more female patients had infections. The uropathogens showed a significant degree of resistance to ceftizidime and ciprofloxacin.