# Renal Artery Triplication: An Unusual Morphological Variant

## TL;DR

This paper reports a rare case of a right kidney having three arteries, which is important for avoiding surgical complications.

## Contribution

The contribution is a rare case report of renal artery triplication with specific morphological classification.

## Key findings

- A right-sided renal artery triplication was identified during CTA imaging.
- The triplication included a main hilar, superior polar, and inferior polar artery.
- Such triplication occurs in 0.9%-4.5% of cases and is clinically significant for surgical procedures.

## Abstract

Renal vasculature depicts great morphological variability and clinical significance due to the great number of procedures performed on kidneys. The current imaging report presents a right-sided renal artery (RA) triplication and origin from the abdominal aorta (AA), which was incidentally identified during computed tomography angiography (CTA). The typical RA corresponded to the main hilar artery (MHA), the second RA corresponded to the superior polar artery (SPA), and the third RA corresponded to the inferior polar artery (IPA). RA triplication occurs in 0.9%-4.5% and depicts wide morphological variability. The current report corresponds to one superior polar, one inferior polar, and a main hilar renal artery, which represents a rare morphological type of RA triplication. Kidney transplantation surgery, endoscopic surgery, and renal angiography require adequate knowledge of RAs and their variants to avoid pitfalls and iatrogenic lesions from clinicians.