# Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing lung cancer complicated with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: a case report

## TL;DR

A rare case of lung cancer producing a growth factor and linked to a blood clotting disorder is reported, highlighting the need for careful diagnosis and management.

## Contribution

First reported case of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing lung cancer associated with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.

## Key findings

- The patient had elevated white blood cells and inflammation due to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor production.
- Histopathology confirmed pleomorphic carcinoma, and the patient tested negative for anticardiolipin IgG antibodies.
- Perioperative management with heparin and steroids was effective for coagulation abnormalities.

## Abstract

No reports on granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing lung cancer associated with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. A 73-year-old man was referred to our department to undergo surgery for lung cancer in the right upper lobe. His examination results suggested that his condition was caused by an elevated white blood cell count and an increased inflammatory response due to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor production. The presence of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome was suspected, and the decrease in coagulation factors was considered to be inhibited by the lupus anticoagulant. Perioperatively, the patient was treated with heparin and steroids, and a thoracoscopically assisted right upper lobectomy was performed. Postoperatively, histopathological examination revealed pleomorphic carcinoma, and the patient tested negative for anticardiolipin IgG antibodies. In lung cancer patients with elevated white blood cell counts, fever, and an inflammatory response, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing lung cancer is an important differential diagnosis. Additionally, when coagulation abnormalities are observed preoperatively, a thorough examination is necessary to prepare for perioperative management.