# The Role of Bronchoscopy and Chest Physiotherapy in Postoperative Patients With Acute Lung Atelectasis Due to Airway Mucus Plugging: A Case Series and Review of Entity

## TL;DR

This paper explores how bronchoscopy and chest physiotherapy help manage lung collapse in postoperative patients caused by mucus blockage.

## Contribution

The study highlights the combined effectiveness of bronchoscopy and pulmonary rehabilitation in treating postoperative acute lung atelectasis.

## Key findings

- Bronchoscopy with saline lavage effectively removes mucus plugs in postoperative patients.
- Chest physiotherapy aids in airway clearance and prevents further lung collapse.
- Pulmonary rehabilitation is a standard preventive measure for postoperative lung complications.

## Abstract

Mechanical ventilation and endotracheal intubation can cause airway damage and inflammation resulting in excessive mucus secretions, thereby increasing the risk of respiratory failure post extubation. An abundance of secretions may result in bronchial obstruction and lung collapse distant from the site of obstruction. If lung collapse is diagnosed, extra support, including oxygen and, rarely, reintubation, can be necessary. The combination of chest wall percussion and vibrations, patient positioning to facilitate mucus drainage, coughing, and breathing exercises was the chest physiotherapy method employed for airway clearance in this study. Since the late 20th century, pulmonary rehabilitation strategies have been a standard aspect of care to prevent lung collapse in postoperative cases. Bronchoscopic aspiration and lavage are the common techniques used to remove retained secretions or mucus plugs. Large-volume saline instillation in aliquots and repeated suctioning are required during the procedure. Thus, the current case series emphasizes the role of bronchoscopy and pulmonary rehabilitation in the management of acute lung atelectasis during the postoperative period.