# Dataset of Finite Element Models of Normal and Deformed Thoracolumbar Spine

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a dataset of finite element spine models to study adult spine deformity using computational simulations.

## Contribution

A new hexahedral statistical shape model tool generates a large virtual cohort of thoracolumbar spine models for biomechanical research.

## Key findings

- EOS images were used to reconstruct 3D spine models for statistical shape modeling.
- A hexahedral mesh template was adapted for bone and soft tissues using mesh morphing.
- A public repository shares 16807 personalized thoracolumbar FE spine models.

## Abstract

Adult spine deformity (ASD) is prevalent and leads to a sagittal misalignment in the vertebral column. Computational methods, including Finite Element (FE) Models, have emerged as valuable tools for investigating the causes and treatment of ASD through biomechanical simulations. However, the process of generating personalised FE models is often complex and time-consuming. To address this challenge, we present a dataset of FE models with diverse spine morphologies that statistically represent real geometries from a cohort of patients. These models are generated using EOS images, which are utilized to reconstruct 3D surface spine models. Subsequently, a Statistical Shape Model (SSM) is constructed, enabling the adaptation of a FE hexahedral mesh template for both the bone and soft tissues of the spine through mesh morphing. The SSM deformation fields facilitate the personalization of the mean hexahedral FE model based on sagittal balance measurements. Ultimately, this new hexahedral SSM tool offers a means to generate a virtual cohort of 16807 thoracolumbar FE spine models, which are openly shared in a public repository.