# Multiple Myeloma as a Potential Cause of Low Complements in Patients With Acute Kidney Injury

## TL;DR

This case report highlights multiple myeloma as a rare but possible cause of low complement levels in patients with acute kidney injury.

## Contribution

It presents an atypical case linking multiple myeloma with hypocomplementemia and acute kidney injury.

## Key findings

- A patient with multiple myeloma presented with acute kidney injury and low complement levels.
- This case suggests that multiple myeloma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hypocomplementemia with renal injury.
- Such presentations are rare and may require increased clinical suspicion for accurate diagnosis.

## Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy belonging to the class of monoclonal gammopathies that leads to end-organ damage myeloma events that encompass anemia, the presence of lytic bone lesions, hypercalcemia, and renal insufficiency. However, there are very few reported cases of patients with low complements in the context of MM and renal failure. Traditionally, low complements in glomerular disease are associated with conditions such as membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, cryoglobulinemia, systemic lupus erythematous, and post-infectious glomerulonephritis. Despite its rarity, physicians should maintain a high degree of suspicion and consider MM as a potential cause of low complements in patients with renal injury. In this case report, we present a patient with a history of MM associated with acute kidney injury with hypocomplementemia, an atypical presentation of myeloma in MM.