# HLA-DR and HLA-DQ Polymorphism Correlation with Sexually Transmitted Infection Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis

## TL;DR

This study finds that certain HLA alleles are linked to a higher risk of Chlamydia trachomatis infection, suggesting genetic factors influence susceptibility.

## Contribution

The study identifies specific HLA genotypes associated with increased susceptibility to C. trachomatis infection in a Romanian population.

## Key findings

- The DRB1*13 allele significantly increases the likelihood of C. trachomatis infection.
- The DRB1*01/DRB1*13 and DQB1*03/DQB1*06 genotypes are associated with higher odds of infection.
- The association between DRB1*01/DRB1*13 genotype and infection remains significant after adjustment.

## Abstract

Background and Objectives: Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) represents one of the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted diseases. This study aims to explore the relationship between HLA alleles/genotypes/haplotypes and C. trachomatis infection to better understand high-risk individuals and potential complications. Materials and Methods: This prospective study recruited participants from Transylvania, Romania. Patients with positive NAAT tests for C. trachomatis from cervical/urethral secretion or urine were compared with controls regarding HLA-DR and -DQ alleles. DNA extraction for HLA typing was performed using venous blood samples. Results: Our analysis revealed that the presence of the DRB1*13 allele significantly heightened the likelihood of C. trachomatis infection (p = 0.017). Additionally, we observed that individuals carrying the DRB1*01/DRB1*13 and DQB1*03/DQB1*06 genotype had increased odds of C. trachomatis infection. Upon adjustment, the association between the DRB1*01/DRB1*13 genotype and C. trachomatis remained statistically significant. Conclusions: Our findings underscore the importance of specific HLA alleles and genotypes in influencing susceptibility to C. trachomatis infection. These results highlight the intricate relationship between host genetics and disease susceptibility, offering valuable insights for targeted prevention efforts and personalized healthcare strategies.