# Anterior Protrusion of Hydroxyapatite Blocks During Vertebroplasty for Thoracic Burst Fractures: A Case Report

## TL;DR

A case report describes a rare complication where hydroxyapatite blocks used in vertebroplasty for a spinal fracture protruded and compressed the aorta, requiring surgical removal.

## Contribution

This case highlights the previously underreported risk of anterior protrusion of hydroxyapatite blocks during vertebroplasty.

## Key findings

- Hydroxyapatite blocks protruded anteriorly after vertebroplasty, compressing the descending aorta.
- The protruded blocks were successfully removed via a transthoracic approach without aortic injury.
- Complications from hydroxyapatite blocks in vertebroplasty may require reoperation.

## Abstract

Research on complications necessitating reoperation following vertebroplasty related to hydroxyapatite (HA) blocks is limited. We present the case of a 25-year-old woman who underwent posterior fixation and vertebroplasty using HA blocks for a T12 burst fracture. Postoperative computed tomography revealed anterior protrusion of some blocks, with consequent compression of the descending aorta. We removed the protruded blocks viaa transthoracic approach and observed no aortic injuries. Although HA blocks are considered safe for vertebroplasty, surgeons should be aware of the risk of anterior protrusion and potential aortic injury.