Elevation of D-dimer in eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases in the absence of venous thrombosis: A case series and literature review

TL;DR

This study reports elevated D-dimer levels in patients with eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases without evidence of blood clots, suggesting a link between D-dimer and disease severity.

Contribution

The paper is the first to report D-dimer elevation in EGID cases without venous thrombosis, suggesting a novel association with inflammation rather than clotting.

Findings

Three EGID cases showed high D-dimer levels without evidence of venous thromboembolism.

D-dimer levels decreased after prednisolone treatment, along with clinical remission and reduced eosinophil and IgE levels.

The study suggests D-dimer elevation in EGID may reflect inflammation severity rather than thrombosis.

Abstract

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) are rare and heterogeneous diseases characterized by excessive eosinophilic infiltration of the digestive system. D-dimer levels and its possible association with disease course were not reported.

We reported a series of three EGID cases presenting with high levels of D-dimer. No evidence for potential venous thromboembolism was found through computed tomography pulmonary angiogram and vascular ultrasounds. Moreover, D-dimer levels decreased after short-time systemic prednisolone administration, accompanied by remission of clinical symptoms and decrease of peripheral eosinophil counts and IgE levels.

Elevation of D-dimer in EGID may not represent thrombotic events but is possibly associated with disease severity. More population-based studies are needed to delineate the potential relationship among D-dimer, thrombosis, and inflammation in EGID.

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