# Gym and Fitness Injuries amongst those Aged 16–64 in New Zealand: Analysis of Ten Years of Accident Compensation Corporation Injury Claim Data

## TL;DR

This study analyzed gym and fitness injuries in New Zealand over ten years to identify common causes and demographics for injury prevention.

## Contribution

The study provides detailed epidemiological data on gym-related injuries in New Zealand using ACC claims data.

## Key findings

- Soft tissue injuries accounted for 96% of all gym and fitness injury claims.
- Lifting/carrying/strain caused the majority of injuries, particularly affecting the lower back and shoulders.
- Individuals aged 21 to 30 were most frequently injured, regardless of sex.

## Abstract

To provide epidemiological data for minor and moderate-to-serious injury claims for gym and fitness related injuries amongst those aged 16–64 in New Zealand, to inform the development of an injury prevention program.

Retrospective analytical review of gym and fitness related injury entitlement minor and moderate- to-serious Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) claims from 1 July 2011 to 30 June 2020. Data were analysed by cause of injury, geographical region, sex, age, body site and injury type. Qualitative analysis of free text describing the activity causing the injury was conducted.

Over the ten-year period, 16–64 year olds made 345,254 injury claims, costing ACC NZ$241,298,275 in treatment charges. Soft tissue injuries were the most prevalent making up 96% (331,343) of all claims and 88% (NZ$213,049,197) of the total charges. Strenuous movement with lifting (n = 154,467, 47%), strenuous movement without lifting (n = 84,469, 25%), impact/contact with object (n = 39,610, 12%) and impact/contact with ground (n = 25,351, 8%) were the top four mechanisms resulting in injury, accounting for 92% of soft tissue injuries. Males and females aged 21 to 30 years old were most frequently injured. The four most injured body sites (lower back/spine, shoulder, knee, neck/back of head) accounted for 63% of injuries in females, and 65% in males.

The most common cause of injury from gym and fitness activity claims in 16–64 year olds in New Zealand was lifting/carrying/strain resulting in lower back/spine and shoulder (including clavicle/blade) soft tissue injuries. Soft tissue injuries accounted for 96% of the total claims. Males and females aged 21 to 30 years old were most frequently injured age group.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40798-024-00694-9.

• The most common cause of injury from gym and fitness activities amongst those aged 16–64 was lifting/carrying/strain resulting in lower back/spine and shoulder soft tissue injuries.• Of all injuries, 96% were soft tissue injuries.• Males and females aged 21 to 30 years old were most frequently injured.

• The most common cause of injury from gym and fitness activities amongst those aged 16–64 was lifting/carrying/strain resulting in lower back/spine and shoulder soft tissue injuries.

• Of all injuries, 96% were soft tissue injuries.

• Males and females aged 21 to 30 years old were most frequently injured.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40798-024-00694-9.