# Comparison of early risk factors between healthy siblings and subjects with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

## TL;DR

This study compares early risk factors for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in affected individuals and their healthy siblings.

## Contribution

The study identifies specific early risk factors that differ between individuals with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and their healthy siblings.

## Key findings

- Complications during pregnancy were linked to offspring mental illness.
- Pregnancy weight changes and early trauma were significant risk factors.
- Physical punishment and emotional abuse were associated with increased risk.

## Abstract

The following work aims to compare the types and magnitude of risk events in patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder and each of those groups with of a group of healthy siblings, exploring differences and similarities of the two psychotic disorders.

Retrospective interviews were conducted with 20 families to investigate maternal and obstetric health, social support and the presence of early trauma for the affected family members and healthy siblings. Mothers were interviewed with the Prenatal Psychosocial Profile and each family participant was assessed with the Early Trauma Inventory, Screening Questionnaire of the Genomic Psychiatry Cohort and the Diagnostic Interview for Psychosis and Affective Disorders.

Obstetric and gestational history, pregnancy weight changes and early trauma were associated with offspring’s mental illness, including statistically significant findings for complications of pregnancy, pregnancy weight changes, general trauma, physical punishment and emotional abuse.

These findings highlight the different risk factor exposures that occur within a family, which may increase the risk for severe mental illness.