Neurological Conundrum: A Case of Cerebellar Hemispheric Enlargement and Atypical Symptoms

TL;DR

A 57-year-old woman with unusual neurological symptoms and cerebellar enlargement presents a diagnostic challenge, highlighting the need for better understanding and collaborative care.

Contribution

This case report adds to the understanding of rare cerebellar enlargement presentations and their diagnostic complexities.

Findings

Imaging showed left cerebellar hemisphere enlargement with mass effect and compression.

No definitive etiology was identified despite extensive evaluation.

Symptomatic management and monitoring were the primary approaches.

Abstract

Cerebellar hemispheric enlargement with atypical neurological symptoms poses diagnostic challenges in clinical practice. We present the case of a 57-year-old female with persistent headache, left facial paraesthesia, dysarthria, gait ataxia, and longstanding neck swelling. Imaging studies revealed enlargement of the left cerebellar hemisphere with associated mass effect and compression of adjacent structures. The underlying etiology remained uncertain despite extensive evaluation, including magnetic resonance imaging and angiography. Differential diagnoses included neoplastic, vascular, inflammatory, and metabolic etiologies, but none fully accounted for the clinical findings. Management strategies focused on symptomatic relief and close monitoring. This case underscores the complexity of diagnosing and managing patients with rare neurological manifestations and highlights the need for continued research and collaborative approaches in optimising patient care.

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