# Investigating the socioeconomic impacts of sewage spillages on businesses in the Umhlanga Rocks coastline area

## TL;DR

This study examines how sewage spills in South Africa's Umhlanga Rocks area affect local businesses and finds that they cause significant socioeconomic losses.

## Contribution

The study reveals practical strategies for businesses to mitigate the socioeconomic impacts of sewage spillages.

## Key findings

- Sewage spillages significantly disrupt businesses in the Umhlanga Rocks coastline area.
- Businesses of different sizes experience socioeconomic losses differently due to spillages.
- Practical strategies have been identified to help businesses reduce vulnerability to sewage spillages.

## Abstract

Sewage spillage is fast becoming a significant concern in South Africa because of the deteriorating infrastructure and substandard service delivery. Thus, this study investigated the socioeconomic impacts of sewage spillages on businesses in the Umhlanga Rocks coastline area. A questionnaire with open and closed-ended questions was used to collect data from business owners in the affected area. One hundred business owners were handed questionnaires to complete, and 95 completed questionnaires were collected. The qualitative data from the questionnaires were analysed using thematic analysis, whereby line-by-line coding was manually completed using Excel. The quantitative data were analysed in R studio using numerous statistical tests, including the Shapiro–Wilk test, the Chi–square test, the Kruskal–Wallis test, Dunn’s test, and Cohen’s d test. The thematic analysis and statistical testing results showed that sewage spillages disrupted businesses significantly. Results indicated that businesses of different sizes experienced socioeconomic losses differently. Consequently, the results of this study have implications for business owners and communities living in the affected area. Moreover, findings have revealed practical strategies and interventions that may be used by micro- to medium-scale businesses to mitigate the socioeconomic impact of sewage spillages.

The practical strategies revealed in this study contribute to reducing the vulnerability of communities and businesses to sewage spillages. Findings of the study have also been disseminated to the business owners and other relevant stakeholders to provide them with alternative solutions in ‘softening the blow’ caused by the spillages.