# Three cases of sperm immobility for intracytoplasmic sperm injection using testicular sperm

## TL;DR

This paper reports three cases where testicular sperm extraction combined with intracytoplasmic sperm injection successfully achieved pregnancy in patients with sperm immobility.

## Contribution

The study demonstrates that testicular sperm extraction-intracytoplasmic sperm injection can be effective for sperm immobility when conventional methods fail.

## Key findings

- Pregnancy was achieved in a 32-year-old patient after testicular sperm extraction-intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
- A 44-year-old patient with sperm immobility had motile sperm retrieved and achieved pregnancy using the same method.
- Testicular sperm extraction-intracytoplasmic sperm injection may be successful when ejaculated sperm methods are unsuitable.

## Abstract

Sperm immobility is a condition in which sperm are viable but not motile. We reported three patients with sperm immobility, who underwent testicular sperm extraction‐intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

In case 1, a 32‐year‐old patient with sperm immobility had previously undergone intracytoplasmic sperm injection with ejaculated sperm; however, pregnancy was unsuccessful. testicular sperm extraction‐intracytoplasmic sperm injection was performed at our clinic, and pregnancy was achieved. In case 2, a 23‐year‐old patient with clinical varicocele whose semen analysis revealed sperm immobility underwent varicocelectomy, without improvement. Using the hypo‐osmotic swelling test technique, testicular sperm extraction‐intracytoplasmic sperm injection was performed; however, pregnancy was not achieved. In case 3, a 44‐year‐old patient with sperm immobility underwent testicular sperm extraction, and motile sperm were retrieved. testicular sperm extraction‐intracytoplasmic sperm injection using these sperm resulted in pregnancy.

Although testicular sperm extraction‐intracytoplasmic sperm injection is not considered a solution in patients with sperm immobility, pregnancies were achieved. testicular sperm extraction‐intracytoplasmic sperm injection may be successful in some cases in which ejaculated sperm intracytoplasmic sperm injection is unsuitable.