Diagnostic value of LGE and T1 mapping in multiple myeloma patients’heart

TL;DR

This study shows that CMR with LGE and T1 mapping can detect heart involvement in multiple myeloma patients, offering a potential diagnostic tool.

Contribution

The study demonstrates the combined diagnostic value of LGE and T1 mapping in identifying myocardial amyloid infiltration in multiple myeloma.

Findings

Pre-contrast T1 values in MM patients were significantly higher than in healthy controls and non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients.

All MM patients showed LGE, indicating widespread myocardial involvement.

LGE combined with T1 mapping may improve clinical follow-up and disease monitoring in MM patients.

Abstract

Unidentified heart failure occurs in patients with multiple myeloma when their heart was involved. CMR with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and T1 mapping can identify myocardial amyloid infiltrations.

To explore the role of CMR with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and T1 mapping for detection of multiple myeloma patients’heart.

A total of 16 MM patients with above underwent CMR (3.0-T) with T1 mapping (pre-contrast and post-contrast) and LGE imaging. In addition, 26 patients with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 26 healthy volunteers were compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls without a history of cardiac disease, diabetes mellitus, or normal in CMR. All statistical analyses were performed using the statistical software GraphPad Prism. The measurement data were represented by median (X) and single sample T test was adopted. Enumeration data were represented by examples and Chi-tested was adopted. All tests were two-sided, and P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

In MM group, LVEF was lower than healthy controls and higher than that of non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy group, but without statistically significant difference (%: 49.1 ± 17.5 vs. 55.6 ± 10.3, 40.4 ± 15.6, all P > 0.05). Pre-contrast T1 values of MM group were obviously higher than those of healthy controls and non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy group (ms:1462.0 ± 71.3vs. 1269.3 ± 42.3, 1324.0 ± 45.1, all P < 0.05). 16 cases (100%) in MM group all had LGE.

LGE joint T1 mapping wider clinical use techniques and follow-up the patients’disease severity.

Figures