# Gaining Insight into Teenagers’ Experiences of Pain after Laparoscopic Surgeries: A Prospective Study

## TL;DR

This study explores how teenagers experience and report pain after laparoscopic surgeries and finds that psychological factors influence their pain perception.

## Contribution

The study introduces a multi-modal approach to assess teenage postoperative pain, combining self-reports with psychological evaluations.

## Key findings

- Teenagers and parents show high agreement on pain scores, while nurses show moderate agreement.
- Psychological factors like anxiety and catastrophizing correlate moderately with reported pain levels.
- Multi-modal pain evaluation provides more comprehensive insights than self-reported scores alone.

## Abstract

There is an anecdotal impression that teenage patients report exaggerated postoperative pain scores that do not correlate with their actual level of pain. Nurse and parental perception of teenagers’ pain can be complemented by knowledge of patient pain behavior, catastrophizing thoughts about pain, anxiety, and mood level. Two hundred and two patients completed the study—56.4% were female, 89.6% White, 5.4% Black, and 5% were of other races. Patient ages ranged from 11 to 17 years (mean = 13.8; SD = 1.9). The patient, the parent, and the nurse completed multiple questionnaires on day one after laparoscopic surgery to assess patient pain. Teenagers and parents (r = 0.56) have a high level of agreement, and teenagers and nurses (r = 0.47) have a moderate level of agreement on pain scores (p < 0.05). The correlation between patient APBQ (adolescent pain behavior questionnaire) and teenager VAS (visual analog scale) and between nurse APBQ and teenager VAS, while statistically significant (p < 0.05), is weaker (r range = 0.14–0.17). There is a moderate correlation between teenagers’ pain scores and their psychological assessments of anxiety, catastrophic thoughts, and mood (r range = 0.26–0.39; p < 0.05). A multi-modal evaluation of postoperative pain can be more informative than only assessing self-reported pain scores.