# Exploring Solitary Fibrous Tumors at a Tertiary Cancer Center: Clinicopathological and Immunomorphologic Profile

## TL;DR

This study examines the clinicopathological and immunomorphologic features of solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) at a cancer center, highlighting their diagnostic challenges and rare malignant potential.

## Contribution

The study provides a detailed clinicopathological profile of SFTs and evaluates the utility of STAT6 and other immunohistochemical markers in diagnosis.

## Key findings

- SFTs occurred in various anatomical sites, including uncommon locations like the brain and penis.
- Two patients exhibited malignant features, emphasizing the need for vigilance in diagnosis.
- No significant correlation was found between BCOR and p53 expression and SFT parameters.

## Abstract

Background

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a distinct fibroblastic tumor that can occur at any anatomical site and can manifest a variety of histopathological features. NAB2-STAT6 gene fusion has recently emerged as a sensitive and specific molecular marker and its surrogate on immunohistochemistry, STAT6 has also displayed considerable efficacy. Nevertheless, its histologic diversity can result in diagnostic challenges, especially when classic features are not apparent.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary cancer centre in North India over 3 years to document the clinicopathologic and immunomorphologic profile of SFTs. Immunohistochemical analysis of BCOR and p53 were gauged additionally and patients were stratified according to Modified Demicco and Salas criteria for risk of metastasis.

Results

Sixteen patients of SFT were identified, affecting middle-aged men and women equally. Though lung/pleura are known to be involved commonly, SFT affects other sites such as the kidney, brain, buccal mucosa, liver, and penis as well. The majority endured localized disease while a lesser number suffered locoregional/distant spread. Two patients revealed features of a malignant profile. Risk stratification according to the Modified Demicco and Salas criteria evinced comparable results. No discernible relationship however was highlighted between the immunohistochemical expression of BCOR, p53, and any significant SFT parameter.

Conclusion

Although SFTs are very rare substantially benign mesenchymal neoplasms, pathologists must be conversant with their histological diversity and be vigilant of their malignant attributes. The worth of STAT6 immunohistochemistry for precise diagnosis and long-term studies for delineating clinical behavior cannot be overemphasized.