# Assessment of Physical Activity During Pandemic Periods: Development of the Questionnaire, Determination of Primary Validity, and Psychometric Properties

## TL;DR

This study created a new questionnaire to measure physical activity during pandemics and confirmed it is valid and reliable.

## Contribution

The novel contribution is the development and validation of the Pandemic Period Physical Activity Scale (PPPAS).

## Key findings

- The PPPAS consists of three sub-dimensions and 31 items based on exploratory factor analysis.
- Confirmatory factor analysis showed strong fit indices (e.g., RMSEA: 0.048, CFI: 0.954).
- The scale demonstrated high reliability with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.912 and ICC of 0.958.

## Abstract

This study aimed to develop the "Pandemic Period Physical Activity Scale (PPPAS)" to determine the physical activity level of healthy individuals during the pandemic period. Research data were collected from the “Socio-Demographic Questionnaire Form,” “International Physical Activity Short Form,” “Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia,” “Coronavirus Anxiety Scale,” “Epidemic Anxiety Scale,” “Expert Evaluation Form,” and “Pandemic Period Physical Activity Scale,” exploratory factor analysis revealed that the scale consisted of 3 sub-dimensions and 31 items. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the fit indices χ2/Df: 2.343; root mean square error of approximation: 0.048; incremental fit index: 0.955; comparative fit index: 0.954; goodness of fit index: 0.912; normed fit index: 0.923; non-normed fit index: 0.950; adjusted goodness of fit index: 0.896; root mean square residuals: 0.060; standardized root mean square residual: 0.047. The total Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.912 while the intraclass correlation coefficient of the scale was calculated as 0.958 (p<0.001). As a result of the analyses conducted, it was concluded that the PPPAS is a valid and reliable measurement.