Peptic Ulcer Disease among Patients Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

TL;DR

This study finds a 10.62% prevalence of peptic ulcer disease among patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy at a hospital in Nepal.

Contribution

The study provides new prevalence data for peptic ulcer disease in a Nepalese tertiary care center.

Findings

Peptic ulcer disease was found in 10.62% of patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy.

Antral ulcers were more common (10.25%) compared to duodenal ulcers (0.36%).

The prevalence was lower than reported in other studies.

Abstract

Peptic ulcer is a common disease of gastrointestinal tract usually present with epigastric pain and discomfort. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is its gold standard investigation. There has been limited study on the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease among patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy especially in Nepal. Our study aimed to find the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease among patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy at our center.

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at a tertiary care center from October 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023. Data was retrieved from hospital records using a preformed proforma and sample size of 219 was calculated and data of 273 cases was collected using the convenience method of sampling.

Among 273 patients, peptic ulcer disease was found in 29 (10.62%) of patients among which 28 (10.25%) had antral ulcer and only 1 (0.36%) had duodenal ulcer.

The prevalence of peptic ulcer disease is lower in our study center compared to other studies and further studies can be conducted on the associated risk factors and socio-demographic distribution of peptic ulcer disease.