# Early life exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke and eating behaviors at age 12 years

## TL;DR

This study explores how exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke during pregnancy and early childhood may influence eating behaviors in adolescents, finding some sex-specific patterns.

## Contribution

The study investigates sex-specific effects of prenatal and early childhood secondhand smoke exposure on adolescent eating behaviors.

## Key findings

- Prenatal cotinine was linked to greater food responsiveness in females and lower satiety responsiveness.
- In males, prenatal and postnatal cotinine were associated with lower food responsiveness.
- Overall, no significant associations were found between SHS exposure and eating behaviors in the cohort.

## Abstract

Prenatal or early childhood secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure increases obesity risk. However, the potential mechanisms underlying this association are unclear, but obesogenic eating behaviors are one pathway that components of SHS could perturb. Our aim was to assess associations of prenatal and early childhood SHS exposure with adolescent eating behaviors.

Data came from a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort (N = 207, Cincinnati, OH). With multiple informant models, we estimated associations of prenatal (mean of 16 and 26 weeks of gestation maternal serum cotinine concentrations) and early childhood cotinine (average concentration across ages 12, 24, 36, and 48 months) with eating behaviors at age 12 years (Child Eating Behaviors Questionnaire). We tested whether associations differed by exposure periods and adolescent’s sex. Models adjusted for maternal and child covariates.

We found no statistically significant associations between cotinine measures and adolescent’s eating behaviors. Yet, in females, prenatal cotinine was associated with greater food responsiveness (β: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.38) and lower satiety responsiveness (β: -0.14; 95% CI: -0.26, -0.02); in males, prenatal and postnatal cotinine was related to lower food responsiveness (prenatal: β: -0.25; 95% CI: -0.04, -0.06; postnatal: β: -0.36; 95% CI: -0.06, -0.11). No significant effect modification by sex or exposure window was found for other eating behaviors.

Prenatal and early childhood SHS exposures were not related to adolescent’s eating behavior in this cohort; however, biological sex may modify these associations.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12940-024-01076-0.