# Cross-cultural Validation of the Health Mindset Scale for Brazil

## TL;DR

This paper validates a health mindset scale for use in Brazil, ensuring it is culturally appropriate and reliable for clinical practice.

## Contribution

The study cross-culturally adapts and validates the Health Mindset Scale for Brazilian Portuguese, providing a new clinical tool.

## Key findings

- The Health Mindset Scale was validated for Brazilian Portuguese with good reliability (Cronbach's alpha of 0.786).
- A weak, negative correlation was found between age and health mindset scores.
- A marginal gender difference was observed in one item of the scale.

## Abstract

Objective
 To cross-culturally validate the Health Mindset Scale for Brazil, as well as adapt the terms and questionnaires for adequate understanding of Brazilians, using factor analysis as an instrument to validate its reliability.

Methods
 Cross-cultural validation of the Health Mindset Scale into Brazilian Portuguese using the Beaton method, Cronbach's alpha calculation and factor analysis

Results
 The sample consisted of 215 patients aged between 18 and 87 years (M = 41.98; SD = 15.72), with a mean age between 31 and 50 years (42.0%), and female (52 .6%), a marginally significant difference (p < 0.10) between men and women was observed for item 3. In this item, men's mean (M = 5.48; SD = 0.99) was higher than the average for women (M = 5.10; SD = 1.22), with a small effect size for the difference (d = 0.26). Pearson's r correlation coefficient was examined between the mean score and age (r = −0.21; p = 0.002), the result of which indicated a weak, negative and significant linear relationship. The older the age, the lower the average score on the Health Mindset Scale.

Conclusion
 The version of the health-focused mindset scale for Brazilian Portuguese was introduced and cross-culturally validated, demonstrating good reliability with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.786. Consequently, it constitutes a new instrument for clinical practice and can be correlated with established scales in the literature.

Objetivo
Validar transculturalmente a escala de
mindset
da saúde para o Brasil, bem como adaptar os termos e questionários para a adequada compreensão do brasileiro, utilizando a análise fatorial como instrumento para validar a sua confiabilidade.

Métodos
Validação transcultural da
Health Mindset Scale
para o português brasileiro através do método do Beaton, cálculo do alfa de
Cronbach
e análise fatorial

Resultados
 Amostra foi composta por 215 pacientes com idades entre 18 e 87 anos (M = 41,98; DP = 15,72), sendo a média de idade entre 31 e 50 anos (42,0%), e do sexo feminino (52,6%), uma diferença marginalmente significativa (p < 0,10) entre homens e mulheres foi observada para o item 3. Nesse item a média dos homens (M = 5,48; DP = 0,99) foi maior do que a média das mulheres (M = 5,10; DP = 1,22), com tamanho de efeito para diferença pequeno (d = 0,26). O coeficiente de correlação r de Pearson foi examinado entre o escore médio e a idade (
r
 = −0,21;
p
 = 0,002), cujo resultado indicou relação linear fraca, negativa e significativa. Quanto maior a idade, menor o escore médio na
Health Mindset Scale.

Conclusão
 A versão da escala de
mindset
direcionada à saúde para o português brasileiro foi apresentada e validade transculturalmente, apresentando bom coeficiente de confiabilidade – alfa de
Cronbach
0,786. Sendo assim, configura novo instrumento para a prática clínica e pode ser correlacionado escalas já consagradas na literatura.