# Treatment of Tibial Plateau Fractures with a Circular External Fixator: A Comparative Analysis of Two Assembly Methods

**Authors:** Leonardo Berto, Gustavo Henrique de Barros Palma, André Crippa da Silva, Mauro Remulo Grinfelder Brunel Rodrigues, Renato Amorim, Gracielle Silva Cardoso

PMC · DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1785203 · 2024-04-10

## TL;DR

This study compares two methods for treating tibial plateau fractures using a circular external fixator and finds both methods lead to similar outcomes.

## Contribution

The study introduces a simplified technique using Schanz pins instead of Kirschner wires in circular external fixation for tibial fractures.

## Key findings

- Both classic and simplified techniques showed similar clinical-radiographic outcomes in treating tibial plateau fractures.
- The simplified technique offers benefits like lower infection rates and greater patient comfort without compromising results.
- No significant differences were found in fracture consolidation, joint reduction, or postoperative pain between the two methods.

## Abstract

Objective
 To compare the functional outcomes of two circular external fixation techniques to treat complex fractures of the proximal end of the tibia.

Materials and Methods
 The present is a retrospective cohort study with 51 patients who underwent surgical treatment for complex fractures of the tibial plateau with a circular external fixator. There were two groups of patients: 12 subjects underwent treatment with the classic assembly technique, and 39 subjects underwent treatment with the simplified technique. The variables analyzed included age, sex, injury mechanism, trauma energy, associated injuries, fixator type, time of fixator use, and clinical-radiographic outcomes. The classic technique mainly uses transfixing Kirschner wires, while the simplified one replaces the Kirschner wires with Schanz pins in the distal block of the circular external fixator.

Result
 There were no statistically significant differences (
p
 > 0.05) between the two groups concerning the clinical-radiographic outcomes, including fracture consolidation, quality of joint fracture reduction, range of motion, lower limbs residual discrepancy, and postoperative pain.

Conclusion
 We suggest that the simplified technique, using Schanz pins instead of Kirschner wires, can be a viable and effective alternative to treat complex fractures of the proximal end of the tibia with a circular external fixator. This simplified approach can offer benefits, such as a lower infection rate and greater patient comfort, without compromising clinical and radiographic outcomes, thus justifying its use.

Objetivo
 Comparar os resultados funcionais entre duas técnicas de fixação externa circular utilizadas no tratamento de fraturas complexas da extremidade proximal da tíbia.

Materiais e Métodos
 Trata-se de um estudo de coorte retrospectivo, com 51 pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico de fraturas complexas do planalto tibial com fixador externo circular. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: 12 pacientes tratados com a técnica clássica e 39 pacientes tratados com a técnica simplificada. As variáveis analisadas incluíram idade, sexo, mecanismo da lesão, energia do trauma, lesões associadas, tipo de fixador, tempo de uso do fixador e resultados clínico-radiográficos. A técnica clássica lança mão principalmente de fios de Kirschner transfixantes, e a simplificada substitui os fios de Kirschner por pinos de Schanz no bloco distal do fixador externo circular.

Resultados
 A partir da comparação das montagens, não encontramos diferenças estatisticamente significativas (
p
 > 00,5) entre os dois grupos em relação aos resultados clínico-radiográficos, incluindo a consolidação da fratura, a qualidade da redução da fratura articular, a amplitude de movimento, a discrepância residual na medida dos membros inferiores e a dor do paciente no pós-operatório.

Conclusão
 Sugerimos que a técnica simplificada, utilizando pinos de Schanz no lugar dos fios de Kirschner, pode ser uma alternativa viável e eficaz no tratamento de fraturas complexas da extremidade proximal da tíbia com fixador externo circular. Essa abordagem simplificada pode oferecer benefícios, como menor taxa de infecção e maior conforto para o paciente, sem comprometer os resultados clínicos e radiográficos, o que justifica, o seu uso.

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** infection (MESH:D007239), fracture (MESH:D050723), postoperative pain (MESH:D010149), trauma (MESH:D014947), Tibial Plateau Fractures (MESH:D000092463)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Figures

8 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11006512/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11006512