# Radial Endobronchial Ultrasound to Diagnose a Case of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in the Lung: A Case Report and Literature Review

## TL;DR

A 75-year-old man with unresolved pneumonia was diagnosed with lung NHL using radial endobronchial ultrasound, highlighting its diagnostic value.

## Contribution

This is the first documented case showing radial EBUS ultrasound images of lung NHL.

## Key findings

- Radial EBUS helped diagnose NHL in a patient with unresolved pneumonia symptoms.
- Computed tomography showed lung consolidation and enlarged nodes, but EBUS provided a definitive diagnosis.
- The case emphasizes the importance of advanced bronchoscopic techniques in diagnosing rare lung conditions.

## Abstract

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative malignancies that are very rarely seen in the lung. Although they generally have a favorable prognosis, the clinical symptoms and most efficient methods of diagnosis have not yet been clearly defined. This report highlights an interesting case wherein a 75-year-old male who presented with complaints of fever, cough, and generalized weakness for three weeks was diagnosed and treated as a case of pneumonia. He did not respond to conventional treatment with antibiotics and antipyretics. Hence, computed tomography of the thorax was done which showed consolidation in the right lower lobe along with a few enlarged right hilar nodes. To evaluate this unresolved pneumonia, he was further evaluated with a radial endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and biopsy, which helped in arriving at a diagnosis of NHL. This case illustrates the significance of advanced interventions such as radial EBUS to identify the exact etiology of the lesions. This is the first case to document the ultrasound images of NHL in the lung, obtained using a radial EBUS.