# Press Conduction Welding for Secondary Bonding of Aircraft Skin/Stiffener Assemblies Using Carbon Fiber/PEKK Thermoplastic Composites and PEI Adhesive

## TL;DR

This study explores press conduction welding as an efficient method for bonding aircraft components using thermoplastic composites and adhesive.

## Contribution

The research introduces press conduction welding as a viable alternative for secondary bonding in thermoplastic composites.

## Key findings

- Press conduction welding achieved high-strength bonds in skin/stiffener assemblies.
- Temperature control was critical for maintaining material integrity and bond strength.
- Interdiffusion and fiber tear analysis revealed insights into bonding performance.

## Abstract

This study investigates the secondary bonding of aircraft skin/stiffener assemblies using press conduction welding with carbon fiber/polyetherketoneketone thermoplastic composites and polyetherimide adhesive. Recognizing the challenges posed by conventional welding methods in maintaining material integrity and uniformity, this research explores an alternative methodology that mitigates these issues while ensuring high-strength bonds. The press conduction welding parameters were selected based on single-lap shear tests and applied in the bonding of skin and omega stiffener components. The temperature range was determined using differential scanning calorimetry. The pressure was held at 1 MPa for 180 s. The welding temperature that produced a high-bonding strength was identified experimentally; these key variables were then used in the welding process of the skin and omega stiffener. By analyzing how the fibers tear and the effectiveness of interdiffusion between the plies, we were able to gain insights into the bonding strength and fractured surface. The findings suggest that press conduction welding provides a viable route for secondary bonding in thermoplastic composite structures, highlighting its advantages in terms of processing efficiency and integrity. This study contributes to the understanding of the mechanical behaviors of bonded joints and underscores the significance of temperature control in the welding process.