# Working Together to Support Self-Determination for Tāngata Kāpō (Blind and Low Vision) Māori: An Exemplar

## TL;DR

This paper highlights the need to include blind and low-vision Māori in research by promoting self-determination and cultural respect.

## Contribution

The paper introduces a collaborative framework and declaration for engaging tāngata kāpō Māori in research.

## Key findings

- A Kaupapa Māori approach was used to prioritize relationships and cultural practices in data collection.
- The '3Rs' framework—relationships, respect, and reciprocity—was developed to guide inclusive research practices.
- Feedback loops and forums ensured accurate representation of tāngata kāpō Māori perspectives.

## Abstract

This paper addresses the marginalisation of tāngata kāpō Māori (blind and low-vision Indigenous New Zealanders) in health- and vision-related research, despite New Zealand’s commitments to international conventions. Utilising a pūrākau-based approach, it challenges existing colonial narratives and emphasises the importance of Māori perspectives. We advocate for Māori self-determination over research processes. This paper shares insights from a systematic review and the development of a declaration for engaging with tāngata kāpō Māori, reflecting the 3-year collaborative process. The Materials and Methods section details a Kaupapa Māori-grounded data collection, prioritising relationships and cultural practices. Feedback loops with participants and forums ensure accurate representation. In conclusion, the study underscores NZ government obligations and presents the “3Rs” framework—relationships, respect, and reciprocity—as essential for meaningful research engagements with tāngata kāpō Māori. The findings contribute valuable insights to guide future research practices, advocating for the inclusion and recognition of tāngata kāpō Māori rights in practice and research.