# Adiponectin rs1501299 and chemerin rs17173608 gene polymorphism in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: relation with macroangiopathy and peripheral artery disease

## TL;DR

This study explores how gene variations in children with type 1 diabetes may be linked to higher cholesterol and signs of artery disease.

## Contribution

The study identifies associations between adiponectin and chemerin gene polymorphisms and macrovascular risk in children with T1DM.

## Key findings

- Children with T1DM and specific gene variants had higher cholesterol and lower HDL-C.
- Abnormal ABI in T1DM children was significantly linked to chemerin and adiponectin gene alleles.
- Cholesterol and ABI were independently associated with these gene polymorphisms.

## Abstract

Although macrovascular complications represent the leading cause of mortality in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the prevalence of subtle macrovascular affection including peripheral artery disease (PAD) among children with T1DM and its genetic predictors remains to be unraveled. Increasing evidence suggests a link between adiponectin rs1501299 and chemerin rs17173608 gene polymorphism and atherogenesis, and insulin resistance. Hence, this study assess the prevalence of these variants among children with T1DM in comparison to healthy controls and their association with macrovascular complications, namely PAD and hyperlipidemia.

Fifty children with T1DM and 50 matched controls underwent a thorough assessment including adiponectin rs1501299 and chemerin rs17173608 gene polymorphisms, fasting lipids, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and ankle–brachial index (ABI). Cochran–Armitage trend test was used to decide the risk allele and evaluate the association between the candidate variant and PAD using a case–control design.

Children with T1DM were found to have significantly higher ABI (p = 0.011) than controls. Chemerin gene polymorphism was detected in 41 children with T1DM (82.0%), while adiponectin gene polymorphism was detected in 19 children (38.0%). Children with T1DM having GG chemerin variant and those having TT adiponectin variant had significantly higher cholesterol with significantly lower HDL-C and ABI than those having the other two variants (p < 0.005). Children with T1DM having abnormal ABI had significantly higher chemerin G (p = 0.017) and adiponectin T (p = 0.022) alleles than those with normal ABI. Cholesterol and ABI were independently associated with chemerin and adiponectin gene polymorphism by multivariable regression analysis.

Children with T1DM having chemerin and adiponectin gene polymorphisms have significantly higher cholesterol and ABI than those without these polymorphisms and controls.

The Research Ethics Committee of Ain Shams University, approval number R 31/2021.