# ABO and RhD blood groups and their relationship with diseases: A retrospective study

## TL;DR

This study examines how ABO and RhD blood groups are distributed in a Turkish population and their links to diseases and other health factors.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into blood group distribution and its associations with genetic diseases and health conditions in a specific regional population.

## Key findings

- The O Rh D+ blood group was most common in the study population.
- The O Rh D- group had a higher rate of genetic diseases compared to other groups.
- Blood group distribution varied by occupation, allergies, and eye conditions.

## Abstract

To retrospectively evaluate the distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups and their relationship with diseases.

The retrospective study was carried out in Bursa Uludag University Family Health Center in Turkey between 1-28 February, 2023. The data of individuals who were registered with the Family Health Center and whose blood types were known were evaluated retrospectively. Blood group type, sociodemographic findings, existing diseases, allergies, and genetic disease conditions were obtained. P-values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Analysis were made in the SPSS 25.0 program.

A total of 3834 people, 1935 male (50.5%) and 1899 female (49.5%) participated in the study. The mean age of the individuals was 26.45±10.45 years. About 75.8 percent of the participants were university students, 6.3 percent were health workers, and 17.9 percent were from other occupational groups. The rates of blood groups were determined as O Rh D+ at 33.5%, AB Rh D+ at 26.9%, A Rh D+ at 14.9%, AB Rh D- at 7.7%, B Rh D+ at 7%, O Rh D- at 4.6%, B Rh D- at 3.2% and A Rh D- at 2.2%. It was determined that the O Rh D- group had a higher rate of genetic disease than the other groups (p=0.01).

It was determined that the O Rh D+ blood group was found more frequently in our region’s population than in other groups. This different result depending on the A Rh D+ blood group, which is the most common throughout the country may have reflected the influence of different geographical regions and ethnic characteristics due to the students in our population. In addition, the results regarding the relationships between blood groups and occupation, genetics, existing disease, presence of allergies, and visual defects in the eye are important.