# Evaluation of Staphylococcus Aureus and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Saliva of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

## TL;DR

This study found that patients with acute myeloid leukemia have higher levels of harmful bacteria in their saliva compared to healthy people, which could increase infection risks.

## Contribution

The study provides new evidence on the oral bacterial profile in leukemia patients eligible for bone marrow transplantation.

## Key findings

- Staphylococcus aureus was present in 86% of leukemia patients versus 22.9% of healthy controls.
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found in 60% of leukemia patients compared to 6.2% of healthy controls.
- Bacterial presence was significantly higher in leukemia patients (p value < 0.05).

## Abstract

Patients with leukemia are prone to infectious and often life-threatening complications. Evidence suggests that a specific oral microbiota may contribute to septicemia, which can delay antineoplastic treatment, compromise treatment efficacy, or even endanger patients' lives.

This study investigated the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the saliva of patients with acute myeloid leukemia who were candidates for bone marrow transplantation.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 in the Hematology-Oncology Department of Namazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
The study included 28 patients with acute myeloid leukemia eligible for bone marrow transplantation as the case group and age- and sex-matched healthy individuals as the control group.
Unstimulated saliva samples were collected to determine the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18, the chi-square test, and the independent t-test.

In the patients with acute myeloid leukemia, 26 (86%) were positive for Staph-ylococcus aureus and 18 (60%) were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
In the healthy group, 11 (22.9%) were positive for Staphylococcus aureus and 3 (6.2%) were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The frequency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in the saliva samples of patients with acute myeloid leukemia was
significantly higher than in the healthy control subjects (p value < 0.05). Chi-square test showed no significant association between
age and the frequency of bacteria (p value= 0.27).

In the current study, the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the saliva of patients with acute myeloid leukemia was higher than in the healthy control group.