# Six-dimensional force/torque sensor for aerodynamic characteristic study of high-speed train with different wind angles under stationary tornado

## TL;DR

This study uses a six-dimensional sensor to analyze how wind angles affect the aerodynamic forces on a high-speed train model in simulated tornado conditions.

## Contribution

The novel use of a six-dimensional force/torque sensor to study aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed trains under tornado wind angles.

## Key findings

- Wind angle affects the mean and standard deviation of force and moment coefficients of the high-speed train.
- Pitching moment coefficient variations differ at specific wind angles for both carriage and head models.
- Findings can improve understanding of high-speed train safety during tornado events.

## Abstract

Researchers conducted an investigation by tornado simulator to study the impact of wind angle on the aerodynamic characteristics of a reduced (1:150) high-speed train model using six-dimensional force/torque sensor. The reduced scale model size can match the relative size relationship between high-speed train and tornado vortex core in real condition. Results show that the wind angle affects the mean value and standard deviation of the force and moment coefficient of the high-speed train at the same radial position. The variations of the mean value and standard deviation of the pitching moment coefficient of the high-speed train carriage model at 60°and 90°are different from that at other wind angles. The variations of the mean value of the pitching moment coefficient of the high-speed train head model at 0°, 15°and 30°are different from that at other wind angles. The variations of the standard deviation of the pitching moment coefficient of the high-speed train head model at 60°,75°and 90°are different from that at other wind angles. This research will help the further study of the operation safety of high-speed train in the event of a tornado impacting a high-speed train network.