# Pancreatic Myeloid Sarcoma Causing Obstructive Jaundice: A Case Report and Literature Review

## TL;DR

This paper reports a rare case of pancreatic myeloid sarcoma causing jaundice and reviews similar cases to highlight the importance of accurate diagnosis.

## Contribution

The paper presents a new case of pancreatic myeloid sarcoma and provides a literature review to improve diagnostic awareness.

## Key findings

- Pancreatic myeloid sarcoma is rare but should be considered in cases of obstructive jaundice.
- Endoscopic techniques like EUS and ERCP are crucial for diagnosing pancreatic MS.
- Differentiating MS from pancreatic cancer is essential for proper treatment.

## Abstract

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an extramedullary manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and commonly occurs in sites such as the lymph nodes, skin, soft tissues, and bone. It more rarely manifests in the pancreas, with less than 20 cases reported in the literature since 1987. Despite its rarity, MS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a soft tissue mass causing obstructive jaundice, especially if the patient has a known hematologic disease. Isolated cases of pancreatic MS have been known to progress to AML; therefore, it is crucial to differentiate MS from more common diagnoses, such as pancreatic cancer or pancreatitis. This is a case of a 70-year-old male with symptomatic obstructive jaundice secondary to pancreatic MS, ultimately requiring endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for diagnosis and management. Also included is a comprehensive review of previous case reports with similar clinical presentations, management, and treatment of pancreatic MS.