# Ephrin B1 Regulates Inflammatory Pathways in Retinal Müller Cells

## TL;DR

This study shows that ephrin B1 increases inflammation in retinal cells during diabetes and reducing it could help treat diabetic retinopathy.

## Contribution

The study identifies ephrin B1 as a novel regulator of inflammatory pathways in diabetic retinopathy.

## Key findings

- Ephrin B1 is significantly increased in diabetic retinas and Müller cells under high glucose conditions.
- Knocking out ephrin B1 in Müller cells reduces inflammatory proteins like HMGB1 and NLRP3.
- Reducing ephrin B1 may offer a new therapeutic approach for diabetic retinopathy.

## Abstract

The role of inflammation has been accepted as a factor in the complications of diabetic retinopathy. Discovery of the upstream regulation of these inflammatory factors has remained a challenge. In this study, we explored the actions of ephrin B1 in retinal Müller cells and their actions on inflammatory proteins. We used diabetic human and mouse samples, as well as Müller cells in culture to measure ephrin B1 in Müller cells. We then generated Müller cell specific ephrin B1 knockout mice. We measure levels of key inflammatory proteins, including high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) pathway proteins in retinal lysates from the ephrin B1 floxed and ephrin B1 Müller cell specific knockout mice. Data show that ephrin B1 is significantly increased in the retina of diabetic humans and mice, as well as in Müller cells grown in high glucose. Elimination of ephrin B1 in mouse Müller cells led to a significant decline in all inflammatory proteins studied. In conclusion, a reduction in ephrin B1 in the diabetic retina may offer a new therapeutic modality for diabetic retinopathy.