# Bimetallic Aluminum‐ and Niobium‐Doped MCM‐41 for Efficient Conversion of Biomass‐Derived 2‐Methyltetrahydrofuran to Pentadienes

## TL;DR

A new bimetallic catalyst efficiently converts a biomass-derived compound into pentadienes, which are useful for making sustainable polymers and fuels.

## Contribution

The first bimetallic (Al and Nb) doped mesoporous catalyst achieving high selectivity for biomass-derived pentadiene conversion.

## Key findings

- AlIII and NbV sites in AlNb-MCM-41 enhance acid site distribution for efficient 2-MTHF conversion.
- Operando spectroscopy reveals NbV sites bind 2-MTHF and drive the reaction mechanism.
- The catalyst achieves 91% selectivity for pentadienes from 2-MTHF.

## Abstract

The production of conjugated C4–C5 dienes from biomass can enable the sustainable synthesis of many important polymers and liquid fuels. Here, we report the first example of bimetallic (Nb, Al)‐atomically doped mesoporous silica, denoted as AlNb‐MCM‐41, which affords quantitative conversion of 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran (2‐MTHF) to pentadienes with a high selectivity of 91 %. The incorporation of AlIII and NbV sites into the framework of AlNb‐MCM‐41 has effectively tuned the nature and distribution of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites within the structure. Operando X‐ray absorption, diffuse reflectance infrared and solid‐state NMR spectroscopy collectively reveal the molecular mechanism of the conversion of adsorbed 2‐MTHF over AlNb‐MCM‐41. Specifically, the atomically‐dispersed NbV sites play an important role in binding 2‐MTHF to drive the conversion. Overall, this study highlights the potential of hetero‐atomic mesoporous solids for the manufacture of renewable materials.