# CHRNA9 as a New Prognostic Marker and Potential Therapeutic Target in Glioma

## TL;DR

This study identifies CHRNA9 as a potential marker for predicting glioma prognosis and suggests it could be a target for treatment.

## Contribution

The study reveals CHRNA9's role in glioma prognosis and its potential as a therapeutic target via the STAT3 pathway.

## Key findings

- CHRNA9 expression is elevated in glioma tissues and correlates with poor prognosis and reduced survival.
- CHRNA9 is linked to the JAK/STAT pathway and immune checkpoints in glioma.
- CHRNA9 mRNA and protein levels are higher in glioma tissues compared to paracancerous tissues.

## Abstract

Background: The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit alpha-9 (CHRNA9) is a unique cholinergic receptor, which is involved in tumor proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance. However, the correlation between the expression level of CHRNA9 in glioma and the clinical features and prognosis of glioma patients has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to verify the expression level of CHRNA9 in glioma and its effect on prognosis by bioinformatics methods.

Methods: The RNA-seq data of glioma and normal samples were obtained from the TCGA and GTEx databases. Bioinformatics methods were utilized to analyze the differential expression of CHRNA9 between tumor samples and normal samples. The potential association between CHRNA9 and the clinicopathological features of glioma patients was also investigated. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were utilized to analyze the relationship between CHRNA9 expression level and survival time and prognostic value of glioma patients. Enrichment analysis was applied to predict gene function and signaling pathways associated with CHRNA9. Experimental verification was performed using tumor tissues and paracancerous tissues from glioma patients.

Results: The results of bioinformatics analysis showed that the expression of CHRNA9 was increased in glioma tissues, correlating with poor prognosis and reduced patient survival time. Enrichment analysis suggested that CHRNA9 may interact with the JAK/STAT pathway. CHRNA9 was also found to be abnormally expressed in various other tumors and associated with the expression levels of numerous immune checkpoints in glioma. The findings from the analysis of clinical samples revealed that the expression levels of both mRNA and protein of CHRNA9 in glioma tissues were higher than those in paracancerous tissues. Similarly, the mRNA expression levels of STAT3, IL-6, and TNF-α, which are crucial factors in the STAT3 pathway, were elevated in glioma tissues compared to paracancerous tissues.

Conclusion: CHRNA9 is a potential prognostic marker and immunotherapy target for glioma, with its mechanism of action potentially linked to the STAT3 pathway.