# The Association Between Alcohol Use and Chronic Diseases’ Treatment Outcomes Among Adults Aged 40 Years and Above in Rural South Africa

## TL;DR

This study examines how alcohol use affects treatment outcomes for chronic diseases in older adults in rural South Africa.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into alcohol use and chronic disease treatment outcomes in an under-researched population.

## Key findings

- Alcohol use was not significantly associated with poor treatment outcomes for HIV, hypertension, diabetes, or multimorbidity.
- Treatment outcomes for hypertension and diabetes were lower compared to HIV.
- Underreporting of alcohol use may explain the lack of observed negative associations.

## Abstract

Chronic diseases are significant problems in South Africa. Chronic diseases’ treatment outcomes are critical to the reduction of morbidity and mortality. There is limited data in South Africa on alcohol use and treatment outcomes of chronic diseases in older people. We analysed data from wave 1 of the Health and Ageing in Africa-a longitudinal Study in an INDEPTH community (HAALSI) study. We performed descriptive analysis to determine the prevalence of optimal chronic diseases’ treatment outcomes (suppressed HIV viral load, normal blood pressure and normal blood sugar) and applied multivariate modified Poisson regression to determine the association between alcohol use and chronic diseases’ treatment outcomes. The prevalence of optimal treatment outcomes were 87.4% for HIV, 42.7% for hypertension, 53.6% for diabetes mellitus and 52.4% for multimorbidity. Alcohol use did not negatively impact the treatment outcomes for HIV (aRR=1.00, 95%CI:0.93–1.09), hypertension (aRR=0.88, 95%CI:0.68–1.14), diabetes mellitus (aRR=0.73, 95%CI:0.44–1.22), and multimorbidity (aRR=1.00, 95%CI:0.93–1.09). Alcohol use was not significantly associated with treatment outcomes possibly due to underreporting of alcohol use. There is need to incorporate objective alcohol measurements in chronic diseases care settings. Furthermore, there is urgent need to strengthen the management of hypertension and diabetes, by adopting the strategies deployed for HIV management.