# Research overview on the genetic mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of polysaccharide in tuber plants

## TL;DR

This paper reviews the genetic mechanisms behind polysaccharide biosynthesis in tuber plants, aiming to improve production for food and drug development.

## Contribution

The paper systematically classifies and analyzes the biosynthetic pathways and genetic regulation of key enzymes in tuber plant polysaccharides.

## Key findings

- Hexokinase and glycosyltransferase are identified as key enzymes in polysaccharide synthesis.
- The study outlines metabolic pathways for starch, cellulose, pectin, and fructan in tuber plants.
- Understanding these mechanisms can enhance polysaccharide yield in plant culture cells.

## Abstract

Tuber plants are of great significance in the world as human food crops. Polysaccharides, important metabolites in tuber plants, also serve as a source of innovative drugs with significant pharmacological effects. These drugs are particularly known for their immunomodulation and antitumor properties. To fully exploit the potential value of tuber plant polysaccharides and establish a synthetic system for their targeted synthesis, it is crucial to dissect their metabolic processes and genetic regulatory mechanisms. In this article, we provide a comprehensive summary of the basic pathways involved in the synthesis of various types of tuber plant polysaccharides. We also outline the key research progress that has been made in this area in recent years. We classify the main types and functions of tuber plant polysaccharides and analyze the biosynthetic processes and genetic regulation mechanisms of key enzymes involved in the metabolic pathways of starch, cellulose, pectin, and fructan in tuber plants. We have identified hexokinase and glycosyltransferase as the key enzymes involved in the polysaccharide synthesis process. By elucidating the synthesis pathway of polysaccharides in tuber plants and understanding the underlying mechanism of action of key enzymes in the metabolic pathway, we can provide a theoretical framework for enhancing the yield of polysaccharides and other metabolites in plant culture cells. This will ultimately lead to increased production efficiency.