# Renal Infarction as the First Manifestation of Undiagnosed Atrial Fibrillation With Coexisting Left Atrial Thrombus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

## TL;DR

A case report shows how kidney infarction can be the first sign of undiagnosed heart issues like atrial fibrillation and heart clots.

## Contribution

A rare case linking renal infarction to undiagnosed atrial fibrillation with a left atrial thrombus is presented and reviewed.

## Key findings

- Renal infarction can mimic other conditions, leading to delayed diagnosis.
- Heart rhythm monitoring and echocardiogram are essential to identify atrial fibrillation and intracardiac thrombus.
- PAF with intracardiac thrombus was identified as the cause of renal infarction in the reported case.

## Abstract

Acute renal infarction, presenting with nonspecific symptoms, such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and hematuria, can lead to delayed diagnosis due to similarities with other medical conditions. Computed tomography with IV contrast is used to diagnose renal parenchymal infarction, treated through surgical, percutaneous interventions, and anticoagulation therapy. Investigation for the infarction source is crucial, particularly in the absence of prior cardiac issues, necessitating heart rhythm monitoring and an echocardiogram to evaluate paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and intracardiac thrombus, respectively. Renal infarction may elevate blood pressure due to renin release, recommending medications like angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers. We present a case of renal infarction due to PAF with a concomitant intracardiac thrombus.