# Complete Heart Block After Aortic Valve Repair and Septal Myectomy in a Patient With Rheumatic Heart Disease

## TL;DR

A patient with rheumatic heart disease and HOCM developed complete heart block after aortic valve repair and septal myectomy.

## Contribution

This case highlights the potential risk of complete heart block in patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery.

## Key findings

- A 66-year-old female developed complete heart block after aortic valve repair and septal myectomy.
- Histology showed septal fibrosis, suggesting atrioventricular conduction disease from rheumatic fever.

## Abstract

Surgical myectomy with concomitant valvular repair has been demonstrated to be safe in the treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). It is unclear which risk factors predispose patients to develop complete heart block (CHB). We present a unique case of a 66-year-old female with rheumatic heart disease and HOCM admitted for aortic valve (AV) repair and septal myectomy, complicated by a presentation of complete heart block. The histology slide showed fibrosis of the septum, suggesting atrioventricular conduction disease from rheumatic fever, which likely contributed to her presentation. This case highlights the importance of elucidating the etiology of HOCM before undergoing cardiac surgery to guide postsurgical management and improve clinical outcomes.