A multiomics dataset for the study of RNA modifications in human macrophage differentiation and polarisation

TL;DR

This paper introduces a comprehensive dataset linking RNA modifications to gene expression in human macrophage development and function.

Contribution

A novel multi-omics dataset integrating RNA modifications, transcriptomics, and proteomics in macrophage differentiation and polarization.

Findings

Technical validation confirms high-quality and consistent data across mRNA, m6A, 5hmC, and proteomic layers.

The dataset reveals biological consistency in macrophage models across transcriptomic, epitranscriptomic, and proteomic levels.

Abstract

RNA modifications have emerged as central regulators of gene expression programs. Amongst RNA modifications are N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and RNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). While m6A is established as a versatile regulator of RNA metabolism, the functions of RNA 5hmC are unclear. Despite some evidence linking RNA modifications to immunity, their implications in gene expression control in macrophage development and functions remain unclear. Here we present a multi-omics dataset capturing different layers of the gene expression programs driving macrophage differentiation and polarisation. We obtained mRNA-Seq, m6A-IP-Seq, 5hmC-IP-Seq, Polyribo-Seq and LC-MS/MS data from monocytes and resting-, pro- and anti-inflammatory-like macrophages. We present technical validation showing high quality and correlation between samples for all datasets, and evidence of biological consistency of modelled macrophages at the transcriptomic, epitranscriptomic, translational and proteomic levels. This multi-omics dataset provides a resource for the study of RNA m6A and 5hmC in the context of macrophage biology and spans the gene expression process from transcripts to proteins.

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