# Retrospective Cohort Study on Determinants of Mechanical Ventilation Duration of COVID-19 ICU Patients

## TL;DR

This study examines factors affecting how long COVID-19 ICU patients need mechanical ventilation in Saudi Arabia's Al Hassa region.

## Contribution

The study identifies demographic, clinical, and comorbidity factors associated with mechanical ventilation duration in a specific regional ICU cohort.

## Key findings

- MV duration is associated with nationality, legal status, and travel history.
- Comorbidities like heart failure and immunocompromised status impact MV duration.
- The study emphasizes the need for individualized care in managing severe COVID-19 cases.

## Abstract

Background

In the face of the ongoing global health crisis posed by COVID-19, it becomes imperative to understand the disease's dynamics, particularly in specific regions. This study provides a detailed examination of the factors influencing mechanical ventilation (MV) duration among COVID-19 patients in an intensive care setting, focusing on a diverse patient cohort from the Al Hassa region of Saudi Arabia. The primary aim of this study was to identify key demographic factors, clinical outcomes, and comorbidities that affect the duration of MV among ICU patients with COVID-19. This understanding is crucial for enhancing patient care and informing healthcare strategies in the context of the pandemic.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and admitted to the ICU in the Al Hassa region. The total number of participants was 1,259. Using a systematic sampling method, these participants were chosen to create a representative sample that reflects the prevailing treatment protocols in ICUs across these hospitals. Data encompassed patient demographics, comorbidities, clinical outcomes, and MV duration. Statistical analyses were employed to explore the associations between these variables.

Results

Our findings reveal a total of 1,259 participants significant associations between MV duration and various factors, including nationality, legal status, travel history, and comorbidities like heart failure and immunocompromised status. These insights are instrumental in understanding the nuances of COVID-19 management in critical care.

Conclusion

The study provides valuable insights into the determinants of MV duration in severe COVID-19 cases, emphasizing the need for individualized patient care approaches. It highlights the complexity of managing COVID-19 in ICU settings and underscores the importance of tailored healthcare responses to this global health challenge, particularly in the Al Hassa region.