Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Case Report

TL;DR

This case report describes a patient with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, highlighting the importance of early treatment for better outcomes.

Contribution

The report emphasizes early management of hemolytic uremic syndrome even with atypical lab findings.

Findings

The patient presented with pain abdomen and loose stool leading to acute kidney injury.

Low C3 levels indicated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Early renal replacement therapy improved outcomes.

Abstract

Thrombotic microangiopathy is a pathological condition comprised of microvascular thrombosis involving any body organ leading to thrombocytopenia, coombs-negative hemolytic anemia, and end-organ damage. The clinical presentation of the case shows typical hemolytic uremic syndrome, however, lab reports show atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (low C3). Pain abdomen and loose stool with some signs of dehydration were initial presentations. Early initiation of renal replacement therapy and management of dehydration was done. Simple diarrhea can also manifest as acute kidney injury with the hemolytic uremic syndrome. Hence we should keep hemolytic uremic syndrome as the differential diagnosis of diarrhea. Irrespective of lab parameters, early management in line with the typical hemolytic uremic syndrome should be done for better outcomes.