# Comparison of Ultrasound Versus Ultrasound With Nerve Stimulation-Guided Obturator Nerve Block to Prevent Adductor Spasm in Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor: A Randomized Controlled Study

## TL;DR

This study compares two techniques for a nerve block to reduce muscle spasms during bladder tumor surgery, finding that adding nerve stimulation improves outcomes despite taking longer.

## Contribution

The study introduces a novel comparison of ultrasound-guided obturator nerve block with and without nerve stimulation for preventing adductor spasm during TURBT.

## Key findings

- Nerve stimulation-guided blocks reduced adductor spasms significantly compared to ultrasound-only blocks.
- Surgeon and patient satisfaction were higher with nerve stimulation-guided blocks.
- Block performance time was longer with nerve stimulation, but complications were comparable.

## Abstract

Background

This study aimed to compare ultrasound versus ultrasound with nerve stimulation-guided obturator nerve block (ONB) for the prevention of adductor spasm in patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT).

Methodology

This randomized controlled study included 240 adult patients in the age group of 30 to 70 years undergoing TURBT for lateral and posterolateral wall bladder tumors who fulfilled the American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I and II criteria. The patients were divided into two groups: group U (n = 120) included patients who underwent ONB using an ultrasound-guided technique and group UN (n = 120) included patients who underwent ONB using ultrasound with the nerve stimulation technique. Block performance time, adductor jerks/spasms, adductor muscle power, and patient and surgeon satisfaction were compared. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The mean block performance time in group U was significantly less (4.4 ± 0.82 minutes) than in group UN (6.55 ± 0.37 minutes). Compared to group U, group UN had significantly fewer adductor jerks/spasms during the surgery (7.76% vs. 20.35%, p = 0.006), significantly more surgeon satisfaction (92.24% vs. 79.65%, p = 0.006), significantly more patient satisfaction (92.24% vs. 79.65%, p = 0.006), and comparable complications (excessive bleeding and minor bladder injury) and adductor muscle power after the block (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

ONB using the nerve stimulation technique under ultrasound guidance has a longer mean block performance time, a higher success rate, and higher surgeon satisfaction than ONB under ultrasound guidance only.