# Objective detection of visual field defects with multifrequency VEPs

## TL;DR

This study shows that multifrequency visual evoked potentials can reliably detect visual field defects, especially in glaucoma patients.

## Contribution

The study introduces a novel method using multifrequency VEPs to objectively detect visual field defects.

## Key findings

- QmfrVEP responses can be reliably measured and separated using small frequency differences.
- SNR in QmfrVEPs correlates strongly with perimetric visual field losses (P < 0.001).
- Reduced SNR in glaucoma patients' quadrants with defects confirms the method's sensitivity.

## Abstract

To correlate multifrequency pattern reversal VEPs in quadrants (QmfrVEPs) with perimetric field losses for objective detection of visual field losses.

QmfrVEP measurements were performed using four LED-based checkerboard stimulators to stimulate the four quadrants of the visual field. QmfrVEPs were measured monocularly in 5 normal subjects and in 5 glaucoma patients who showed losses in conventional Octopus perimetry. The pattern reversal frequency varied slightly between the stimulators: (11.92, 12.00, 12.08 and 12.16 reversals/sec). The responses to the different stimuli were identified by discrete Fourier analysis. VEPs were recorded using different electrode configurations, and the recording with the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was used for further analysis.

QmfrVEP responses from the different quadrants can be reliably measured and separated using the 0.08 reversals/sec interstimulus reversal frequency differences. The signal-to-noise ratio in the four quadrants was significantly correlated with the equivalent visual field losses obtained with perimetry (Spearman rank correlation: P < 0.001). In the five glaucoma patients, the SNR was reduced in 15 out of the 16 quadrants with a perimetric defect, in comparison to the results in quadrants of healthy subjects. This confirms the sensitivity of the procedure.

QmfrVEP responses can be measured reliably. This pilot study suggests that high SNR values exclude visual field defects and that focal defects can be identified in glaucoma patients.

Trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov. NCT00494923.