# Whole Genome Sequence Dataset of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains from Patients of Campania Region

## TL;DR

This study provides a dataset of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomes from Campania, revealing lineage distribution and drug resistance patterns to help manage tuberculosis.

## Contribution

The dataset expands current knowledge on MTB evolution and drug resistance in a region with high TB prevalence.

## Key findings

- Lineage 4 was the most frequent MTB lineage, accounting for 81.11% of the 159 strains.
- 87.4% of the strains were multi susceptible, while 12.58% showed drug resistance.
- Drug-resistant strains included isoniazid-resistant, multidrug-resistant, and one pre-extensively drug-resistant MTB.

## Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the deadliest infectious disorders in the world. To effectively TB manage, an essential step is to gain insight into the lineage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and the distribution of drug resistance. Although the Campania region is declared a cluster area for the infection, to contribute to the effort to understand TB evolution and transmission, still poorly known, we have generated a dataset of 159 genomes of MTB strains, from Campania region collected during 2018–2021, obtained from the analysis of whole genome sequence. The results show that the most frequent MTB lineage is the 4 according for 129 strains (81.11%). Regarding drug resistance, 139 strains (87.4%) were classified as multi susceptible, while the remaining 20 (12.58%) showed drug resistance. Among the drug-resistance strains, 8 were isoniazid-resistant MTB, 4 multidrug-resistant MTB, while only one was classified as pre-extensively drug-resistant MTB. This dataset expands the existing available knowledge on drug resistance and evolution of MTB, contributing to further TB-related genomics studies to improve the management of this disease.