Sarcoma cell-specific radiation sensitization by titanate scrolled nanosheets: insights from physicochemical analysis and transcriptomic profiling

TL;DR

This study shows that titanate nanosheets can increase the sensitivity of sarcoma cells to radiation, potentially improving cancer treatment outcomes.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel approach using titanate scrolled nanosheets to enhance radiosensitivity in sarcoma cells.

Findings

Sarcoma cells internalized TNs, affecting intracellular calcium homeostasis.

Transcriptomic analysis revealed cell-line-dependent nano-sensitization to radiation.

TNs and radiation together altered gene expression patterns in sarcoma cells.

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the potential of metal oxides such as Titanate Scrolled Nanosheets (TNs) in improving the radiosensitivity of sarcoma cell lines. Enhancing the response of cancer cells to radiation therapy is crucial, and one promising approach involves utilizing metal oxide nanoparticles. We focused on the impact of exposing two human sarcoma cell lines to both TNs and ionizing radiation (IR). Our research was prompted by previous in vitro toxicity assessments, revealing a correlation between TNs' toxicity and alterations in intracellular calcium homeostasis. A hydrothermal process using titanium dioxide powder in an alkaline solution produced the TNs. Our study quantified the intracellular content of TNs and analyzed their impact on radiation-induced responses. This assessment encompassed PIXE analysis, cell proliferation, and transcriptomic analysis. We observed that sarcoma cells internalized TNs, causing alterations in intracellular calcium homeostasis. We also found that irradiation influence intracellular calcium levels. Transcriptomic analysis revealed marked disparities in the gene expression patterns between the two sarcoma cell lines, suggesting a potential cell-line-dependent nano-sensitization to IR. These results significantly advance our comprehension of the interplay between TNs, IR, and cancer cells, promising potential enhancement of radiation therapy efficiency.

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