# The Importance of Primary Care Physicians in the Diagnosis and Exclusion of Rare Syndromes: A Case Study of Ruling Out PHACE Syndrome

## TL;DR

This case study highlights how primary care physicians play a crucial role in diagnosing and managing rare syndromes like PHACE by coordinating care and identifying early warning signs.

## Contribution

The paper emphasizes the critical role of primary care physicians in the early detection and exclusion of rare syndromes through coordinated patient care.

## Key findings

- Primary care physicians are essential in identifying alarm signs of rare syndromes like PHACE.
- A multidisciplinary approach is necessary for accurate diagnosis and management of PHACE syndrome.
- Early recognition by primary care physicians can prevent severe complications or death in affected patients.

## Abstract

PHACE (posterior fossa malformations, hemangioma, arterial anomalies, coarctation of the aorta/cardiac defects, and eye abnormalities) syndrome is an extremely uncommon condition that requires a team of physicians to properly diagnose, treat, and follow. Patients are at risk of posterior fossa malformations, hemangiomas, and arterial, cardiac, eye, and sternal cleft abnormalities. These syndrome hallmarks can cause severe functional and developmental issues or, in the worst case, death. The pediatrician’s role is even more essential for pediatric patients who present with rare and intricate syndromes. Primary care physicians are the first line of defense for patients. They recognize alarm signs, coordinate patient care, and promote participation. This case report aims to describe the process by which a multisystemic and potentially lethal syndrome was excluded and illustrates the significance of a primary care physician for the diagnosis and management of such conditions.